We studied the use of case particles in modern Japanese, focusing on the difference between written and spoken languages as well as the difference among sub corpus (registers). As the data source, we used the core part (newspapers, magazines, books, white papers, Chiebukuro (Wisdom Q&A), blog) of Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese (BCCWJ) and four monologues and four dialogues in the Corpus of Spoken Japanese (CSJ). In both BCCWJ and CSJ, 30% of all the words are particles, among which the case particles are the majority. In BCCWJ, white papers and Chiebukuro exhibit completely opposite results. White papers and newspapers have more written-language-style, formal expressions such as "ni-oite" instead of more colloquial "de." Chiebukuro and blogs are more towards spoken language. Furthermore, Chiebukuro has its own unique style. In CSJ corpus, monologues and dialogues showed different characteristics. Finally, we found that some similarity between monologues in CSJ and formal documents (such as white papers) in BCCWJ.

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The book contains transcribed data of recorded speeches and lectures by eminent politicians, military officers, business people, and cultural figures in the Taisho and early Showa period. They are based on “Okada Collection of SP recordings” released in May 2010, which is a digitalized version of SP recordings collected by Norio Okada, transcribed by linguists as part of the NINJAL Project “Exploring Variation in Contemporary Japanese: Multiple Approaches (project leader: Masao Aizawa)”. This book will induce not only research on Japanese as public speech in the early 20th century from a historical perspective but also research on politics, economy, and culture of the modern period from a new perspective.

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In this paper, I give several examples of graph construction using Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. In describing the process of constructing the graphs, I focus on the following contents: (1) data visualization materials, (2) visualization procedures, (3) graph construction methods and the points to note, (4) the conversion and insert of graphs, (5) the storage format and sending mode. Specifically, I handle the comparison graph of quantity and the breakdown of the data, the 3-D graph multiplying several data, the pyramid diagram that shows the structure, the four-quadrant diagram that shows the state, the map that shows the regional characteristics and distribution, the graph that shows the change of ratio, the graph that show the transition of amount, the graph that shows the change and background of multi-data, the graph that shows the procedures and flows, and the graph of chronologies.

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